HIROSHIMA

Hiroshima

North American children know about Hiroshima. They are taught about the dangers of

nuclear war. Sometimes they learn the details of the damage that was done. They learn

about what happened at 8:15 am on August 6, 1945. People were eating breakfast;

children were going to school and adults going to work. There was a blinding flash of

light, a scorching heat, and a mushroom cloud rose up. People close to the explosion

were instantly vaporized. Many of those further away would die from burns and radiation.

Sixty thousand houses were destroyed immediately. One concrete structure remained

standing, although it was damaged. The local government left the Atomic Dome standing

as a memorial to the explosion.

Even those who were not seriously injured in the explosion later became very ill. They

became very sick from radiation poisoning. Many developed leukemia. Sadako Sasaki

was two years old when the bomb exploded. She was apparently uninjured and grew up

normally until she was twelve. Then she developed leukemia, a disease of the blood and

bone marrow. Sadako began to fold paper cranes to protect her from the illness. However,

she died in 1955 before she reached 1,000 paper cranes. Her example inspired the

Children’s Monument at Hiroshima.

There is a Peace Museum in Hiroshima which has objects left by the explosion. These

include bottles, metal, stones and tiles twisted into strange shapes by the heat. There are

objects on which people were vaporized, so that their shape appears like a shadow on

the material. There are bits of burnt clothing and many photographs.

Why was the bomb dropped? World War II was a long and bitter war. The rules of war,

which said not to kill civilians, were forgotten. Hitler bombed London, hoping to break

the spirit of the English. Then England bombed Germany to destroy the factories and kill

the people who worked in them. Americans wanted revenge for the Japanese attack on

Pearl Harbor. The U.S. government had spent six billion dollars developing the A-bomb

and wanted to use it. Some say that they also wanted to warn the Russians not to cause

trouble for America.

When American forces advanced on Japan in 1945, they had to decide what to do. Would

Japan surrender, or would they fight to the last soldier? American leaders feared that

they might lose many men by an invasion. Dropping the atomic bomb would end the war

very quickly. President Truman made the decision to use it.

Since then, most people have felt that this decision was wrong. It was such a terrible

thing to do to people – children, old people, women, men and babies. Hiroshima inspired

many people to try to “ban the bomb.” They wanted to ensure that atomic bombs would

not be used again. Even some of the scientists and aircrews involved in making and

dropping the bomb at Hiroshima wanted it banned. Perhaps if we can all remember what

happened that day, there will be no more Hiroshima’s.