🟡 B1 – Intermediate

Original

• Phonemic: /əˈrɪdʒ.ɪ.nəl/
• Word Form: Adjective, noun
• Word Family: Origin (noun), Originate (verb), Originality (noun), Originally (adverb)
• Meaning: Existing at the beginning; not copied or derived from something else.
• Example: The painting is an original piece by the artist, not a reproduction.
• Collocations: original idea, original version, original artwork, highly original
• Vietnamese: Nguyên bản, ban đầu, độc đáo
• Sound: Listen here

Reproduction

• Phonemic: /ˌriː.prəˈdʌk.ʃən/
• Word Form: Noun
• Word Family: Reproduce (verb), Reproducible (adjective)
• Meaning: The act of copying or creating something again; in biology, the process of producing offspring.
• Example: The museum displayed a reproduction of the original painting.
• Collocations: accurate reproduction, digital reproduction, reproduction process
• Vietnamese: Sự sao chép, sự tái sản xuất, sự sinh sản
• Sound: Listen here

Familiar

• Phonemic: /fəˈmɪl.i.jɚ/
• Word Form: Adjective
• Word Family: Familiarity (noun), Familiarize (verb)
• Meaning: Well known or easily recognized.
• Example: Her voice sounded familiar, but I couldn’t remember her name.
• Collocations: familiar face, familiar surroundings, make something familiar
• Vietnamese: Quen thuộc
• Sound: Listen here

Produced

• Phonemic: /prəˈduːst/
• Word Form: Verb (past tense of “produce”)
• Word Family: Produce (verb), Production (noun), Productive (adjective)
• Meaning: To create, manufacture, or bring something into existence.
• Example: The company produced thousands of units last year.
• Collocations: mass-produced, locally produced, produced results
• Vietnamese: Được sản xuất, tạo ra
• Sound: Listen here

Unique

• Phonemic: /juːˈniːk/
• Word Form: Adjective
• Word Family: Uniquely (adverb), Uniqueness (noun)
• Meaning: Being the only one of its kind; special or unusual.
• Example: Her approach to problem-solving is truly unique.
• Collocations: unique perspective, unique experience, totally unique
• Vietnamese: Độc nhất, duy nhất
• Sound: Listen here

Attend

• Phonemic: /əˈtend/
• Word Form: Verb
• Word Family: Attendance (noun), Attendant (noun), Attended (past tense)
• Meaning: To go to an event, meeting, or place.
• Example: She attended the conference last week.
• Collocations: attend a meeting, attend school, regularly attend
• Vietnamese: Tham dự, có mặt
• Sound: Listen here

Surface

• Phonemic: /ˈsɝː.fɪs/
• Word Form: Noun, verb, adjective
• Word Family: Surface-level (adjective), Surfaced (verb, past tense)
• Meaning: The outermost layer of something; to appear or come up.
• Example: The surface of the lake was calm and reflective.
• Collocations: smooth surface, water surface, surface appearance
• Vietnamese: Bề mặt, mặt ngoài
• Sound: Listen here

Promote

• Phonemic: /prəˈmoʊt/
• Word Form: Verb
• Word Family: Promotion (noun), Promotional (adjective), Promoter (noun)
• Meaning: To encourage, support, or advertise something.
• Example: The campaign aims to promote healthier eating habits.
• Collocations: promote awareness, promote growth, actively promote
• Vietnamese: Quảng bá, thúc đẩy, khuyến khích
• Sound: Listen here

Security

• Phonemic: /sɪˈkjʊr.ə.ti/
• Word Form: Noun
• Word Family: Secure (verb/adjective), Secured (past tense), Insecurity (noun)
• Meaning: Protection or safety from danger, loss, or harm.
• Example: They tightened security at the airport after recent incidents.
• Collocations: security measures, national security, security system
• Vietnamese: Sự an toàn, bảo mật
• Sound: Listen here

Environment

• Phonemic: /ɪnˈvaɪ.rən.mənt/
• Word Form: Noun
• Word Family: Environmental (adjective), Environmentally (adverb)
• Meaning: The surroundings or conditions in which people, animals, or plants live.
• Example: Factories must take steps to protect the environment.
• Collocations: natural environment, work environment, environmental impact
• Vietnamese: Môi trường
• Sound: Listen here

Assigned

• Phonemic: /əˈsaɪnd/
• Word Form: Verb (past tense of assign)
• Word Family: Assign (verb), Assignment (noun)
• Meaning: Given a specific task, duty, or role.
• Example: She was assigned to lead the project team.
• Collocations: assigned task, assigned responsibility, assigned seating
• Vietnamese: Được giao, được phân công
• Sound: Listen here

Valuable / Value (in context)

• Phonemic: /ˈvæl.ju.ə.bəl/ (valuable), /ˈvæl.juː/ (value)
• Word Form: Adjective (valuable), Noun/verb (value)
• Word Family: Valuation (noun), Devalue (verb), Valued (adjective)
• Meaning: Having great worth or importance.
• Example: The company places great value on employee feedback.
• Collocations: valuable resource, valuable asset, high value
• Vietnamese: Giá trị, có giá trị
• Sound: Listen here

Confidence

• Phonemic: /ˈkɑːn.fɪ.dəns/
• Word Form: Noun
• Word Family: Confident (adjective), Confidently (adverb)
• Meaning: A feeling of trust in one’s abilities or decisions.
• Example: She spoke with confidence during the presentation.
• Collocations: build confidence, lack confidence, boost confidence
• Vietnamese: Sự tự tin, lòng tin
• Sound: Listen here

Public

• Phonemic: /ˈpʌb.lɪk/
• Word Form: Adjective, noun
• Word Family: Publicly (adverb), Publicize (verb), Publicity (noun)
• Meaning: Relating to all people; open or accessible to everyone.
• Example: The park is open to the public all year round.
• Collocations: public opinion, public space, public service
• Vietnamese: Công cộng, công chúng
• Sound: Listen here

Museum

• Phonemic: /mjuˈziː.əm/
• Word Form: Noun
• Word Family: Museum curator (noun)
• Meaning: A place where historical, artistic, or scientific objects are displayed.
• Example: The museum has an impressive collection of ancient artifacts.
• Collocations: history museum, science museum, museum exhibit
• Vietnamese: Bảo tàng
• Sound: Listen here

Reader

• Phonemic: /ˈriː.dɚ/
• Word Form: Noun
• Word Family: Read (verb), Reading (noun), Readable (adjective)
• Meaning: A person who reads, especially books or other written materials.
• Example: The book appeals to a wide range of readers.
• Collocations: avid reader, book reader, reader engagement
• Vietnamese: Người đọc
• Sound: Listen here

Writer

• Phonemic: /ˈraɪ.tɚ/
• Word Form: Noun
• Word Family: Write (verb), Writing (noun), Written (past participle)
• Meaning: Someone who produces written works such as articles, stories, or books.
• Example: She is a talented writer with several published books.
• Collocations: professional writer, creative writer, freelance writer
• Vietnamese: Nhà văn, người viết
• Sound: Listen here

🟢 B2 – Upper-Intermediate

Assumptions

• Phonemic: /əˈsʌmp.ʃənz/
• Word Form: Noun (plural)
• Word Family: Assume (verb), Assuming (adjective), Assumed (past participle)
• Meaning: Beliefs or ideas accepted as true without proof.
• Example: His assumptions about the research were incorrect.
• Collocations: false assumptions, basic assumptions, common assumptions
• Vietnamese: Giả định, giả thiết
• Sound: Listen here

Rewardingly

• Phonemic: /rɪˈwɔːr.dɪŋ.li/
• Word Form: Adverb
• Word Family: Reward (noun/verb), Rewarding (adjective)
• Meaning: In a way that is satisfying and beneficial.
• Example: She found teaching children to be deeply rewarding.
• Collocations: rewardingly complex, rewardingly fulfilling, rewardingly challenging
• Vietnamese: Một cách bổ ích, đáng giá
• Sound: Listen here

Developments

• Phonemic: /dɪˈvel.əp.mənts/
• Word Form: Noun (plural)
• Word Family: Develop (verb), Developmental (adjective), Developer (noun)
• Meaning: Advancements, changes, or improvements over time.
• Example: Recent developments in medicine have saved many lives.
• Collocations: new developments, political developments, economic developments
• Vietnamese: Sự phát triển, tiến triển
• Sound: Listen here

Technological

• Phonemic: /ˌtek.nəˈlɑː.dʒɪ.kəl/
• Word Form: Adjective
• Word Family: Technology (noun), Technologically (adverb), Technologist (noun)
• Meaning: Related to science, innovation, and advanced devices.
• Example: The company is focused on technological advancements.
• Collocations: technological progress, technological innovation, technological breakthrough
• Vietnamese: Thuộc về công nghệ
• Sound: Listen here

Interpretation / Interpreting

• Phonemic: /ɪnˌtɝː.prəˈteɪ.ʃən/ (interpretation), /ɪnˈtɝː.prə.tɪŋ/ (interpreting)
• Word Form: Noun / Present participle verb
• Word Family: Interpret (verb), Interpreter (noun), Interpretative (adjective)
• Meaning: The way something is understood or explained.
• Example: Her interpretation of the novel was insightful.
• Collocations: cultural interpretation, data interpretation, interpreting results
• Vietnamese: Sự giải thích, diễn dịch
• Sound: Listen here

Conventions

• Phonemic: /kənˈven.ʃənz/
• Word Form: Noun (plural)
• Word Family: Conventional (adjective), Conventionally (adverb)
• Meaning: Established customs or practices in society.
• Example: Social conventions differ from one country to another.
• Collocations: literary conventions, social conventions, traditional conventions
• Vietnamese: Quy ước, tập quán
• Sound: Listen here

Signify

• Phonemic: /ˈsɪɡ.nə.faɪ/
• Word Form: Verb
• Word Family: Significance (noun), Significant (adjective), Significantly (adverb)
• Meaning: To represent, indicate, or express meaning.
• Example: A smile often signifies happiness.
• Collocations: signify importance, signify approval, signify intention
• Vietnamese: Biểu thị, biểu hiện
• Sound: Listen here

Content (as in “satisfied”)

• Phonemic: /kənˈtent/
• Word Form: Adjective
• Word Family: Contentment (noun), Discontent (noun, opposite meaning)
• Meaning: Being satisfied or at peace.
• Example: He was content with his life and achievements.
• Collocations: perfectly content, feel content, remain content
• Vietnamese: Hài lòng, mãn nguyện
• Sound: Listen here

Reliable

• Phonemic: /rɪˈlaɪ.ə.bəl/
• Word Form: Adjective
• Word Family: Reliability (noun), Reliably (adverb)
• Meaning: Able to be trusted or depended on.
• Example: He is a reliable employee who always meets deadlines.
• Collocations: reliable source, reliable method, highly reliable
• Vietnamese: Đáng tin cậy
• Sound: Listen here

Techniques

• Phonemic: /tekˈniːks/
• Word Form: Noun (plural)
• Word Family: Technical (adjective), Technician (noun)
• Meaning: Methods or ways of doing something efficiently.
• Example: She learned new painting techniques in art school.
• Collocations: effective techniques, study techniques, advanced techniques
• Vietnamese: Kỹ thuật, phương pháp
• Sound: Listen here

Duplication

• Phonemic: /ˌduː.plɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/
• Word Form: Noun
• Word Family: Duplicate (verb), Duplicated (past participle)
• Meaning: The process of copying something exactly.
• Example: Duplication of files helps ensure data backup.
• Collocations: unnecessary duplication, file duplication, avoid duplication
• Vietnamese: Sự sao chép, nhân đôi
• Sound: Listen here

Recognition

• Phonemic: /ˌrek.əɡˈnɪʃ.ən/
• Word Form: Noun
• Word Family: Recognize (verb), Recognized (past participle)
• Meaning: Acknowledgment or identification of something’s existence or quality.
• Example: She received recognition for her contributions to the project.
• Collocations: gain recognition, international recognition, formal recognition
• Vietnamese: Sự công nhận, sự nhận diện
• Sound: Listen here

Limitations

• Phonemic: /ˌlɪm.ɪˈteɪ.ʃənz/
• Word Form: Noun (plural)
• Word Family: Limit (noun/verb), Limited (adjective), Limitless (opposite adjective)
• Meaning: The restrictions or constraints on something.
• Example: There are limitations to how fast technology can advance.
• Collocations: time limitations, legal limitations, overcome limitations
• Vietnamese: Giới hạn, hạn chế
• Sound: Listen here

Exhibits

• Phonemic: /ɪɡˈzɪb.ɪts/
• Word Form: Noun (plural), Verb (third person singular)
• Word Family: Exhibit (noun/verb), Exhibition (noun), Exhibitor (noun)
• Meaning: Objects displayed publicly; to show or demonstrate something.
• Example: The museum has several new exhibits this month.
• Collocations: art exhibits, museum exhibits, exhibit behavior
• Vietnamese: Triển lãm, vật trưng bày
• Sound: Listen here

Reinforces

• Phonemic: /ˌriː.ɪnˈfɔːrsɪz/
• Word Form: Verb (third person singular)
• Word Family: Reinforce (verb), Reinforcement (noun), Reinforced (past tense)
• Meaning: Strengthens or supports something.
• Example: This study reinforces the importance of healthy eating habits.
• Collocations: reinforce an idea, reinforce a belief, reinforce learning
• Vietnamese: Củng cố, tăng cường
• Sound: Listen here

Dozens

• Phonemic: /ˈdʌz.ənz/
• Word Form: Noun (plural)
• Word Family: Dozen (singular), Dozens of (phrase)
• Meaning: Groups of twelve; often used to mean “many.”
• Example: She has dozens of books on history.
• Collocations: dozens of times, dozens of people, dozens of options
• Vietnamese: Hàng chục
• Sound: Listen here

Possesses

• Phonemic: /pəˈzes.ɪz/
• Word Form: Verb (third person singular)
• Word Family: Possess (verb), Possession (noun), Possessive (adjective)
• Meaning: Has or owns something.
• Example: He possesses great leadership skills.
• Collocations: possess qualities, possess a talent, possess knowledge
• Vietnamese: Sở hữu, có
• Sound: Listen here

Status

• Phonemic: /ˈsteɪ.təs/
• Word Form: Noun
• Word Family: Statuesque (adjective), Stateless (adjective)
• Meaning: A person’s social or professional position; condition of something.
• Example: His status in the company has improved over the years.
• Collocations: social status, legal status, status update
• Vietnamese: Địa vị, trạng thái
• Sound: Listen here

Spontaneous

• Phonemic: /spɑːnˈteɪ.ni.əs/
• Word Form: Adjective
• Word Family: Spontaneity (noun), Spontaneously (adverb)
• Meaning: Happening naturally or without planning.
• Example: She made a spontaneous decision to travel abroad.
• Collocations: spontaneous reaction, spontaneous laughter, spontaneous event
• Vietnamese: Tự phát, tự nhiên
• Sound: Listen here

Immediate

• Phonemic: /ɪˈmiː.di.ət/
• Word Form: Adjective
• Word Family: Immediately (adverb), Immediacy (noun)
• Meaning: Happening instantly or without delay.
• Example: She needs immediate medical attention.
• Collocations: immediate action, immediate concern, immediate response
• Vietnamese: Ngay lập tức, tức thời
• Sound: Listen here

Appreciation

• Phonemic: /əˌpriː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/
• Word Form: Noun
• Word Family: Appreciate (verb), Appreciated (adjective), Appreciative (adjective)
• Meaning: Recognition or gratitude for something.
• Example: She expressed her appreciation for the support she received.
• Collocations: deep appreciation, express appreciation, show appreciation
• Vietnamese: Sự trân trọng, sự biết ơn
• Sound: Listen here

Superficially

• Phonemic: /ˌsuː.pɚˈfɪʃ.əl.i/
• Word Form: Adverb
• Word Family: Superficial (adjective), Superficiality (noun)
• Meaning: In a way that only considers surface details, not depth.
• Example: The report only analyzed the issue superficially.
• Collocations: superficially examine, superficially understand, superficially discuss
• Vietnamese: Một cách hời hợt, bề ngoài
• Sound: Listen here

Labour

• Phonemic: /ˈleɪ.bɚ/
• Word Form: Noun, verb
• Word Family: Laborer (noun), Labor-intensive (adjective)
• Meaning: Work, especially physical effort; also refers to childbirth contractions.
• Example: The company relies on manual labour for construction.
• Collocations: physical labour, labour costs, skilled labour
• Vietnamese: Lao động, công việc nặng nhọc
• Sound: Listen here

Context

• Phonemic: /ˈkɑːn.tekst/
• Word Form: Noun
• Word Family: Contextual (adjective), Contextually (adverb)
• Meaning: The circumstances or background surrounding something.
• Example: Understanding the context of a story is important.
• Collocations: historical context, cultural context, within context
• Vietnamese: Bối cảnh, ngữ cảnh
• Sound: Listen here

Authentic

• Phonemic: /ɔːˈθen.tɪk/
• Word Form: Adjective
• Word Family: Authenticity (noun), Authentically (adverb)
• Meaning: Real, genuine, or accurate.
• Example: This is an authentic piece of art from the Renaissance era.
• Collocations: authentic experience, authentic signature, authentic document
• Vietnamese: Xác thực, chính thống
• Sound: Listen here

Accessible

• Phonemic: /əkˈses.ə.bəl/
• Word Form: Adjective
• Word Family: Accessibility (noun), Access (verb/noun)
• Meaning: Easy to reach, enter, or obtain.
• Example: The library is easily accessible from the main road.
• Collocations: accessible information, accessible website, easily accessible
• Vietnamese: Có thể tiếp cận, có thể truy cập
• Sound: Listen here

C1 – Advanced

Facsimiles

• Phonemic: /fækˈsɪm.ɪ.liːz/
• Word Form: Noun (plural)
• Word Family: Facsimile (singular), Fax (shortened form)
• Meaning: An exact copy of something, especially written or printed material.
• Example: The museum displayed facsimiles of ancient manuscripts.
• Collocations: historical facsimile, facsimile edition, accurate facsimile
• Vietnamese: Bản sao y, bản sao chép chính xác
• Sound: Listen here

Surviving (used non-literally)

• Phonemic: /sɚˈvaɪ.vɪŋ/
• Word Form: Adjective
• Word Family: Survive (verb), Survivor (noun), Survival (noun)
• Meaning: Still existing after others have disappeared or ceased.
• Example: Only a few surviving structures remain from the original temple.
• Collocations: surviving member, surviving document, surviving artifact
• Vietnamese: Còn sót lại, còn tồn tại
• Sound: Listen here

Apprentices

• Phonemic: /əˈpren.tɪsɪz/
• Word Form: Noun (plural)
• Word Family: Apprentice (singular), Apprenticeship (noun)
• Meaning: People training in a trade or profession under supervision.
• Example: The apprentices learned carpentry under a master craftsman.
• Collocations: skilled apprentices, apprenticeships available, apprentice program
• Vietnamese: Thực tập sinh, học nghề
• Sound: Listen here

Faithful (in context of reproduction accuracy)

• Phonemic: /ˈfeɪθ.fəl/
• Word Form: Adjective
• Word Family: Faithfully (adverb), Faithfulness (noun)
• Meaning: Representing something accurately without deviation.
• Example: The artist made a faithful reproduction of the original painting.
• Collocations: faithful copy, faithful reproduction, faithful representation
• Vietnamese: Trung thực, chính xác
• Sound: Listen here

Relief (as in surface relief)

• Phonemic: /rɪˈliːf/
• Word Form: Noun
• Word Family: Relieve (verb), Relieved (adjective)
• Meaning: Raised areas on a surface, often used in sculptural or artistic contexts.
• Example: The relief on the statue showed intricate details.
• Collocations: surface relief, high relief sculpture, relief carving
• Vietnamese: Phù điêu, chạm nổi
• Sound: Listen here

Implicit

• Phonemic: /ɪmˈplɪs.ɪt/
• Word Form: Adjective
• Word Family: Implicitly (adverb), Implication (noun)
• Meaning: Suggested or understood without being directly stated.
• Example: Her approval was implicit in her smile.
• Collocations: implicit agreement, implicit meaning, implicit assumption
• Vietnamese: Ngầm, ẩn ý
• Sound: Listen here

Repositories

• Phonemic: /rɪˈpɑː.zɪ.tɔːr.iz/
• Word Form: Noun (plural)
• Word Family: Repository (singular)
• Meaning: Places where things are stored or preserved.
• Example: Libraries serve as repositories of knowledge.
• Collocations: digital repositories, knowledge repositories, archive repositories
• Vietnamese: Kho lưu trữ, nơi bảo quản
• Sound: Listen here

Attendants

• Phonemic: /əˈten.dənts/
• Word Form: Noun (plural)
• Word Family: Attendant (singular), Attend (verb), Attendance (noun)
• Meaning: People who assist or provide services, often at events or establishments.
• Example: The hotel attendants welcomed the guests warmly.
• Collocations: flight attendants, hotel attendants, museum attendants
• Vietnamese: Nhân viên phục vụ, người trông coi
• Sound: Listen here

Monetary

• Phonemic: /ˈmʌn.ɪ.ter.i/
• Word Form: Adjective
• Word Family: Money (noun), Monetize (verb), Monetization (noun)
• Meaning: Related to money or financial matters.
• Example: The company faced serious monetary challenges.
• Collocations: monetary policy, monetary value, monetary system
• Vietnamese: Liên quan đến tiền tệ
• Sound: Listen here

Self-reliant

• Phonemic: /ˌself.rɪˈlaɪ.ənt/
• Word Form: Adjective
• Word Family: Self-reliance (noun), Reliant (adjective)
• Meaning: Able to rely on oneself instead of needing help from others.
• Example: He became more self-reliant after moving out on his own.
• Collocations: self-reliant individual, self-reliant economy, self-reliant mindset
• Vietnamese: Tự lực, độc lập
• Sound: Listen here

Strangeness

• Phonemic: /ˈstreɪndʒ.nəs/
• Word Form: Noun
• Word Family: Strange (adjective), Strangely (adverb)
• Meaning: The quality of being unusual or unfamiliar.
• Example: The strangeness of the situation made everyone uneasy.
• Collocations: sense of strangeness, strange experience, eerie strangeness
• Vietnamese: Sự kỳ lạ, sự lạ lẫm
• Sound: Listen here

Displacement

• Phonemic: /dɪsˈpleɪs.mənt/
• Word Form: Noun
• Word Family: Displace (verb), Displaced (past participle)
• Meaning: The act of being moved or replaced.
• Example: The war led to massive population displacement.
• Collocations: forced displacement, economic displacement, social displacement
• Vietnamese: Sự di dời, sự thay thế
• Sound: Listen here

Vital (as in essential)

• Phonemic: /ˈvaɪ.t̬əl/
• Word Form: Adjective
• Word Family: Vitality (noun), Vitally (adverb)
• Meaning: Extremely important or necessary for something to function.
• Example: Water is vital for human survival.
• Collocations: vital role, vital signs, vital importance
• Vietnamese: Quan trọng, thiết yếu
• Sound: Listen here

Prescribed

• Phonemic: /prɪˈskraɪbd/
• Word Form: Adjective, verb (past tense of “prescribe”)
• Word Family: Prescribe (verb), Prescription (noun), Prescriptive (adjective)
• Meaning: Officially recommended or instructed, usually by a doctor or authority.
• Example: The doctor prescribed antibiotics for the infection.
• Collocations: prescribed medication, prescribed standards, prescribed rules
• Vietnamese: Được kê đơn, được quy định
• Sound: Listen here

Temporal

• Phonemic: /ˈtem.pɚ.əl/
• Word Form: Adjective
• Word Family: Temporarily (adverb), Temporary (adjective)
• Meaning: Related to time or existing for a limited period.
• Example: The project faces temporal constraints due to funding limitations.
• Collocations: temporal aspect, temporal structure, temporal limitations
• Vietnamese: Thuộc về thời gian, tạm thời
• Sound: Listen here

Richness

• Phonemic: /ˈrɪtʃ.nəs/
• Word Form: Noun
• Word Family: Rich (adjective), Enrich (verb), Enrichment (noun)
• Meaning: The quality of being abundant, deep, or full in value.
• Example: The richness of the culture is evident in its traditions.
• Collocations: cultural richness, richness of flavor, richness of history
• Vietnamese: Sự phong phú, sự giàu có
• Sound: Listen here

Dominant

• Phonemic: /ˈdɑː.mə.nənt/
• Word Form: Adjective
• Word Family: Dominate (verb), Dominance (noun), Dominating (adjective)
• Meaning: Most powerful, important, or influential.
• Example: English is the dominant language in global business.
• Collocations: dominant force, dominant influence, dominant position
• Vietnamese: Thống trị, có ưu thế
• Sound: Listen here

Academic

• Phonemic: /ˌæk.əˈdem.ɪk/
• Word Form: Adjective, noun
• Word Family: Academically (adverb), Academy (noun)
• Meaning: Related to education, learning, or scholarly research.
• Example: She excels in academic writing.
• Collocations: academic achievement, academic research, academic institution
• Vietnamese: Học thuật, thuộc về giáo dục
• Sound: Listen here

Participatory

• Phonemic: /pɑːrˈtɪs.ɪ.pə.tɔːr.i/
• Word Form: Adjective
• Word Family: Participate (verb), Participation (noun)
• Meaning: Involving active engagement or involvement.
• Example: The workshop encourages a participatory learning style.
• Collocations: participatory democracy, participatory process, participatory approach
• Vietnamese: Mang tính tham gia
• Sound: Listen here

Criticism

• Phonemic: /ˈkrɪ.tɪ.sɪ.zəm/
• Word Form: Noun
• Word Family: Criticize (verb), Critical (adjective), Critic (noun)
• Meaning: The expression of disapproval or analysis of flaws.
• Example: The book received both praise and criticism from reviewers.
• Collocations: constructive criticism, literary criticism, harsh criticism
• Vietnamese: Sự chỉ trích, sự phê bình
• Sound: Listen here

Suppressed

• Phonemic: /səˈprest/
• Word Form: Adjective, verb (past tense of “suppress”)
• Word Family: Suppress (verb), Suppression (noun)
• Meaning: Prevented from being expressed or revealed.
• Example: Important details were suppressed from the report.
• Collocations: suppressed emotions, suppressed speech, suppressed dissent
• Vietnamese: Bị kìm nén, bị ngăn chặn
• Sound: Listen here

Establishment

• Phonemic: /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ.mənt/
• Word Form: Noun
• Word Family: Establish (verb), Established (adjective)
• Meaning: The process of setting something up; an institution or authority.
• Example: The establishment of new regulations improved safety.
• Collocations: government establishment, business establishment, social establishment
• Vietnamese: Sự thành lập, tổ chức
• Sound: Listen here

🟣 C2 – Proficient

Rewardingly (adv. form is less common)

• Phonemic: /rɪˈwɔːr.dɪŋ.li/
• Word Form: Adverb
• Word Family: Reward (noun/verb), Rewarding (adjective)
• Meaning: In a way that offers great benefits or satisfaction.
• Example: He found his research to be rewardingly complex and engaging.
• Collocations: rewardingly difficult, rewardingly insightful, rewardingly engaging
• Vietnamese: Một cách bổ ích, đáng giá
• Sound: Listen here

Bread and butter (idiomatic use in art context)

• Phonemic: /brɛd ən ˈbʌt̬.ɚ/
• Word Form: Idiomatic phrase
• Word Family: —
• Meaning: A fundamental aspect or core element of something, especially in creative work.
• Example: Portrait painting was the bread and butter of many Renaissance artists.
• Collocations: bread-and-butter work, bread-and-butter skills, bread-and-butter technique
• Vietnamese: Phần cốt lõi, phần chủ chốt
• Sound: Listen here

Incomparably

• Phonemic: /ɪnˈkɒm.pər.ə.bli/
• Word Form: Adverb
• Word Family: Incomparable (adjective), Comparison (noun)
• Meaning: In a way that has no equal or comparison.
• Example: His artistry is incomparably brilliant.
• Collocations: incomparably unique, incomparably great, incomparably talented
• Vietnamese: Không gì sánh được
• Sound: Listen here

Put paid to (idiom: meaning to cancel or prevent)

• Phonemic: /pʊt peɪd tuː/
• Word Form: Idiomatic phrase
• Word Family: —
• Meaning: To put an end to something or prevent it from happening.
• Example: The budget cuts put paid to their plans for a new exhibition.
• Collocations: put paid to hopes, put paid to expectations, put paid to efforts
• Vietnamese: Chấm dứt, phá hủy kế hoạch
• Sound: Listen here

Awe (in emotional or philosophical context)

• Phonemic: /ɔː/
• Word Form: Noun, verb
• Word Family: Awesome (adjective), Awestruck (adjective)
• Meaning: A feeling of deep respect, admiration, or wonder.
• Example: She gazed at the massive waterfall in awe.
• Collocations: feel awe, in awe of, inspire awe
• Vietnamese: Sự kinh ngạc, sự thán phục
• Sound: Listen here

Spontaneous criticism (conceptual collocation)

• Phonemic: /spɑːnˈteɪ.ni.əs ˈkrɪ.tɪ.sɪ.zəm/
• Word Form: Conceptual collocation (noun phrase)
• Word Family: Spontaneous (adjective), Criticism (noun), Criticize (verb)
• Meaning: Unplanned or immediate expression of critique, often insightful.
• Example: His spontaneous criticism of the painting revealed a deep understanding of composition.
• Collocations: spontaneous artistic criticism, spontaneous debate, spontaneous judgment
• Vietnamese: Lời phê bình ngẫu nhiên, tự phát
• Sound: Listen here

Architectural (contextually used with “style” to connote grandeur)

• Phonemic: /ˌɑːr.kɪˈtek.tʃɚ.əl/
• Word Form: Adjective
• Word Family: Architecture (noun), Architect (noun)
• Meaning: Related to buildings and their design, often implying magnificence.
• Example: The cathedral’s architectural style is grand and imposing.
• Collocations: architectural grandeur, architectural beauty, architectural elegance
• Vietnamese: Thuộc về kiến trúc, mang tính hùng vĩ
• Sound: Listen here